Investigating a novel Ag/ZnO based hybrid nanofluid for sustainable machining of inconel 718 under nanofluid based minimum quantity lubrication

Sustainable machining, with implementation of eco-friendly dry and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) methods, has gained attraction researchers engineers to solve the environmental health allied issues caused by bulk usage conventional cutting fluids. Nanofluids have recently became more obvious choice as a fluid in MQL applications owing their superior thermo-physical properties. In this work, novel hybrid nanofluid, consisting Ag coated ZnO (Ag/ZnO) nanoparticles ethylene glycol base, been proposed for application. Initially, Ag/ZnO were synthesized chemical precursor method. Then, blended at several volume concentrations (? = 0.05 % 0.2 %). The nanofluids characterized properties stability criterion, then nanofluid best performance was selected based (NFMQL) experiments. NFMQL compared dry, environments during milling difficult-to-cut Inconel 718 superalloy PVD carbide inserts. Taguchi L9 orthogonal array incorporated experimental design investigate effect speed, feed rate machining environment on terms average surface roughness temperature. Analysis variance shown that contributed temperature 24.52 44.74 %, respectively. As condition, improved finish 23.5 13.07 respectively, reduced 15.38 8.56 enhanced heat dissipation Furthermore, field emission scanning electron microscopic (FESEM) images used tool inserts reveal condition induces wear environments. Finally, multi-response optimization achieved through grey relational analysis (TGRA) optimum combination speed 30 mm/min, 0.036 mm/tooth, environment.